Sep, 2014 youngs modulus of elasticity is ratio between stress and strain. The use of fly ash in replacing cement to certain percentageis accepted in recent years. Approximate values for the modulus of elasticity e cm, secant value between. Modulus of elasticity of concrete can be defined as the slope of the line drawn from stress of zero to a compressive stress of 0. Aci 31808, normal weight concrete the modulus of elasticity of concrete is, ec 4700 vfc mpa and is. Here, the focus was compressive strength of prisms and wallettes, flexural strength and shear bond strength. Modulus of elasticity of concrete spreadsheet civilweb. Materials for concrete free download as powerpoint presentation. Physically it indicates a materials resistance to being deformed when a stress is applied to it. In addition, a considerable number of practical and universal equations have been proposed for predicting the modulus of elasticity when the product includes coarse aggregates and various types of.
In other words, it reflects the ability of concrete to deflect elastically. Modulus of elasticity and strength linkedin slideshare. Resonance vibration is caused by the interaction between the inertial and elastic properties of a material. Very large stresses, which are high enough to fracture the material, cause nonlinear deformations. The strength of concrete is dependent on the relative proportion and modulus of elasticity of the aggregate. A large volume of selected experimental data has been collected from existing literature and then analyzed. How do you derive the relationship between young modulus and bulk modulus. It saves cement, consumes industrial waste and makes durable concrete. It has high compressive strength and low tensile strength. Founded in 1904 and headquartered in farmington hills, michigan, usa, the american concrete institute is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the development, dissemination, and adoption of its consensusbased standards, technical resources, educational programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations involved in concrete. If the stressstrain cure is straight as shown in fig.
Specifies a method for the determination of the static modulus of elasticity in compression of hardened concrete, on test specimens which may be cast or taken from a structure. Three hundred 150 by 300 mm concrete cylinders were prepared from three different mixtures with target compressive. Modulus of elasticity of concrete is defined as the ratio of stress applied on the concrete to the respective strain caused. For limestone and sandstone aggregates the value should be reduced by 10% and 30% respectively. By definition of elasticity, strain appears on the application of stress or force and disappears on removal of stress.
The test for determining the modulus of elasticity of the concrete is known as compression test on cylindrical concrete sample. The ratio between static and dynamic modulus of elasticity in normal and high strength concrete abstract there is a simple linear relationship between the static and dynamic elastic module, this lead to hope that using dynamic elastic modulus may remove the problems in measuring the static elastic modulus of concrete. Expected material properties shall be based on mean. Moisture content at the time of the test would not be a factor since when the concrete has cured the strength does not c. This test method describes the procedure used in determining the modulus of elasticity of. In recent years building specifications have even required a specific elastic modulus of concrete to be met, mostly to. The modulus of elasticity is a property of concrete, which is directly dependent on its formula. The elastic modulus of the hardened paste may be in the order of 1030 gpa and aggregates about 45 to 85 gpa. To know the accurate value of elastic modulus of a concrete batch, laboratory test can be done. At the low stresses, the elasticity of concrete is constant and at high. To know the accurate value of elastic modulus of a. Covers also apparatus, test specimens, preparation of test specimens, determination or compressive strength and static modulus of elasticity, expression of results, and. The mechanical properties of masonry are more complicated than mechanical properties of other construction materials velazquezdiams et al. Modulus of elasticity iof concrete affected by elastic moduli.
Strength and modulus of elasticity of reinforcing steel. Flood will present on proper modulus testing as well as show the data resulting from. The ratio of bulk modulus to modulus of elasticity for a poissons ratio of 0. Concrete yield strength, fc psi modulus of elasticity, ec ksi modulus of rupture, fr psi class c 4000 3645 480 class a 3500 3410 450 class b 3000 3155 415 notes. Standard test method for static modulus of elasticity and. Find the youngs modulus of elasticity for the material which is 200 cm long, 7. Development of the elastic modulus of concrete under. The modulus of elasticity of concrete, in general, refers to the ratio of the applied stress on the concrete to the straininduced. Benjie cho and mulugojam alemu undergraduate civil engineering univ of southern california objective find the modulus of elasticity of concrete find poissons ratio of concrete introduction compressive strength of concrete standardardized test of concrete american society for testing and materials astm specifications include correct mix. Ratio of these materials control the various concrete properties which are discussed below. Detailed instructions for operating the fx 250t and fx500 test machines are provided in appendices. Pdf modulus of elasticity of low strength concrete researchgate. The stiffness of a component means how much it deflects under a given load. Equation 1 is the calculation for the modulus of elasticity of concrete e c according to the pre2005 aashto lrfd specifications eq.
Static modulus of elasticity of concrete scientific. Splitting tensile strength parent concrete no aging seismic analysis of concrete dams raphael 1984 y 0. The modulus of elasticity of a concrete is controlled by the moduli of elasticity of its components. Youngs modulus, numerical constant, named for the 18thcentury english physician and physicist thomas young, that describes the elastic properties of a solid undergoing tension or compression in only one direction, as in the case of a metal rod that after being stretched or compressed lengthwise returns to its original length. For granites and limestone the modulus of elasticity in compression is in the range 2,000,000 7,000,000 psi. Modulus of elasticity an overview sciencedirect topics.
The wetter the concrete for pumping coupled with the normal shrinkage of all concrete seems to present a problem with any kind of bond for composite construction. Pdf evaluation of modulus of elasticity of concrete with. Pdf determination of modulus of elasticity of concrete from the. Modulus of elasticity and poisson ratio of concrete.
The objectives of this study are to investigate the relationship between static and dynamic elastic moduli determined using shearwave velocity measurements and to demonstrate the practical potential of the shearwave velocity method for in situ dynamic modulus evaluation. Modulus of elasticity according to eurocode 2 the modulus of elasticity of a concrete is controlled by the moduli of elasticity of its components. Evaluating the dynamic elastic modulus of concrete using. The influence of concrete composition on youngs modulus core. Youngs modulus is a measure of the ability of a material to. The test results show that the modulus of elasticity of the graded concrete is proportionally influenced by the stiffness of the higher and the lower concrete material. The elastic deformation properties of reinforced concrete depend on its composition and especially on the aggregates. Modulus of elasticity of concrete ec is defined as the ratio of the applied stress to the corresponding strain. The elastisitymodulus or e modulus is a property of a material like concrete or steel whichs tells how much tension is needed to make it a little bit longer or shorter when you pull at 2 ends of a steal beam itll be a bit longer then when you press it together.
Modulus of elasticity of recycled aggregate concrete. In order to study the applicability of simple elastic models for predicting the modulus from standard size specimens, tests were conducted on prisms of 45. The modulus of elasticity is a measure of the stiffness of a material. Dynamic elastic modulus of concrete was estimated by measuring fundamental longitudinal and transverse resonance frequencies of cylinders in accordance with astm c215. To determine the modulus of elasticity of concrete precisely is very important for structures that require strict control of the deformability. The minimum number of tests shall comply with the requirements of section 7. The concrete composite is then in the range of 30 to 50 gpa. Development of the elastic modulus of concrete under different.
More precisely the modulus is the slope of the strain to stress graph in the linear regime, which can also be called the elastic regime. Based on the number of measurement was derived expression of dependence of modulus of elasticity on compressive strength of concrete which was determined using cubic specimens. A specific compressive strength can thus correspond to a variety of. The elastisitymodulus or emodulus is a property of a material like concrete or steel whichs tells how much tension is needed to make it a little bit longer or shorter when you pull at 2 ends of a steal beam itll be a bit longer then when you press it together. These values vary greatly depending on the overall makeup of the concrete mixture. Aggregate unit weight compressive strength a b s t r a c t in this paper, the modulus of elasticity of lightweight concrete contains polyethylene terephthalate pet as fine, coarse aggregate and. Modulus of elasticity moe in concrete refers to the measurement of resistance a concrete structure has to deform or sway. Present paper deals with the experimental investigation of static modulus of elasticity of hardened concrete and its relation to compressive strength of concrete. Concrete yield strength, fc mpa modulus of elasticity, ec mpa modulus of rupture, fr mpa class c 28 25 400 3. Elastic modulus the stress required to produce unit strain is the measure of stiffness of a material. High modulus of elasticity for high rise structures. The test typically consists of an arrangement of the compressometer and applying a. Elasticity, ec mpa modulus of rupture, fr mpa class c 28 25 400 3.
Test to determine modulus of elasticity of concrete. Concrete is known by its grade which is designated as m15, m20 etc. The modulus of elasticity of concrete is relatively constant at low stress levels but starts decreasing at higher stress levels as matrix cracking develops. Strength, modulus of elasticity, creep and shrinkage of concrete. The modulus of elasticity of concrete is different for different mixes. Modulus of elasticity of concrete the modulus of elasticity of concrete e c adopted in modified form by the aci code is given by with normalweight, normaldensity concrete these two relations can be simplified to where e c modulus of elasticity of concrete, lbin 2 mpa. The paper discusses the modulus of elasticity of plain concrete for a wide range of compressive strength. Pdf in turkey, many existing reinforced concrete buildings are in urgent need of seismic retrofitting. Elasticity modulus, shrinkage, and creep of highstrength. Modulus of elasticity of concrete determination and. Not only does it demonstrate the ability of concrete to withstand deformation due to applied stress but also its stiffness. Determination of the modulus of elasticity of concrete. Modulus of elasticity of concrete what is the modulus of elasticity.
The main factors which may affect the values determination of modulus of elasticity are. For concrete, the unit weightwc ranges from 1440 to 2560 kg per cubic meters. Founded in 1904 and headquartered in farmington hills, michigan, usa, the american concrete institute is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the development, dissemination, and adoption of its consensusbased standards, technical resources, educational programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations involved in concrete design. Effect of cylinder size on the modulus of elasticity and. Also, there are some empirical formulas provided by different code to obtain. Modulus of elasticity of concrete concrete technology. All the details of the studies were reported extensively in this paper. Properties of concrete modulus of elasticity aashto. The modulus of elasticity of concrete calculations can estimate the dynamic, static and long term modulus of elasticity of concrete values. Table of concrete design properties fcd, fctm, ecm, fctd.
Testing the limits of concrete modulus of elasticity in. Tie material is subjected to axial force of 4200 kn. Properties of concrete are influenced by many factors mainly due to mix proportion of cement, sand, aggregates and water. Pdf strength, modulus of elasticity, and brittleness index. Modulus of elasticity of concrete determination and importance in. Dick engineer and international traveler interested in construction techniques, problems and proper design. Materials for concrete elasticity physics concrete. Modulus of elasticity, ec ksi modulus of rupture, fr psi class c 4000 3645 480 class a 3500 3410 450 class b 3000 3155 415 notes. Modulus of elasticity also known as elastic modulus, the coefficient of elasticity of a material is a number which is defined by the ratio of the applied stress to the corresponding strain within the elastic limit.
The elastic modulus of concrete is considered one of the most important mechanical properties of concrete for determining the static and dynamic behaviors of new concrete structures. The youngs modulus of concrete formulas used in the spreadsheet are detailed below. The modulus of the elasticity is the ratio of stress to corresponding strain below the proportional limit. Normal weight concrete density 2400 kgm3 for computing loads. Modulus of elasticity of concrete civil engineering. The determination of the modulus of elasticity for cylindrical concrete samples such as molded cylinders and drilled cores is outlined in this. The modulus of elasticity is a very important mechanical property of concrete. The modulus of elasticity of dam concrete is difficult to determine directly from tests due to the necessity for large specimens and testing machines. Like other properties, the modulus of elasticity also depends on the age of concrete, as a result of the cement paste stiffening over time. The modulus of elasticity of highstrength concrete. The modulus of elasticity of concrete is a function of the modulus of elasticity of the aggregates and the cement matrix and their relative proportions. Vibration monitoring could be useful since nearly all. Average values of elastic moduli along the tangential e t and radial e r axes of wood for samples from a few species are given in the following table as ratios with elastic moduli along the longitudinal e l axis. The modulus of elasticity of concrete increases when the.
The fme value shall be obtained by multiplying the table values by a factor as specified in table 72 to translate lowerbound masonry compressive strength to expected strength. Since the modulus of elasticity values are determined from bending, the tabulated values given above includes an effect of. Shown in figure 2a is the test setup and data acquisition system for the transverse resonance frequency test. Does the modulus of elasticity of concrete increases with. Pdf determination of modulus of elasticity of concrete from.
Shoiab ikhlaq introduction while the american society for testing and materials astm continues to provide working standards for the concrete industry, definitive values for the materials elastic behavior are not able to be reported due to the heterogeneous nature of concrete. The modulus of elasticity of concrete is known to be influenced by the cement paste, the aggregates nature, the interfacial transition zone itz and the compacity of concrete neville, 1995. Modulus of elasticity of concrete the modulus of elasticity of concrete e c adopted in modi. Pdf effective youngs modulus estimation of concrete. The higher the value of the modulus, the stiffer the material is. Modulus of elasticity of concreteec is defined as the ratio of the applied stress to the corresponding strain. By making videos on the hotsport topics of civil engineering as per demand in comments. A high enough value of the modulus of elasticity is a critical requirement in complicated concrete structures and in order to attain it, a number of factors must be taken into account, as it is subject to many. What is the modulus of elasticity for concrete in aci code. Various empirical equations have previously been suggested for estimating the modulus of elasticity of concrete from its compressive strength. The elastic modulus of the hardened paste may be in the order of 1030 gpa and. What is the standard strain rate for compressive strength test of concrete. Relationship between compressive strength and modulus of.
The modulus of elasticity is a property of concrete, which is known for its high variability of values. This measurement is used for high rise buildings, bridge piers, and other structural applications where the stiffness of the concrete is of essential importance. But the elasticity is a way to characterize the mechanical response of the material body for applied stresses that stay within the linear regime. The modulus of elasticity creates the greatest challenge for recycled concrete to overcome. Concrete is a composite mixture of materials coarse, fine aggregates, cement with water. The modulus of elasticity is largely determined by the porosity of concrete, the density, and its aggregate li et al. Tilt the spherically seated block so that the bearing face is parallel to the top surface of the sample. Evaluation of elastic modulus of fiberreinforced concrete.
Static and dynamic elastic modulus of concrete topic. Modulus of elasticity of concrete is a key factor for estimating the deformation of structural elements, as well as a fundamental factor for determining modu lar ratio. The modulus of elasticity conceptually tells how much stress can you apply to get a certain strain without the material failing. The modulus of elasticity increases as the strength of the concrete increases. Strength, modulus of elasticity, and brittleness index of rubberized concrete article pdf available in journal of materials in civil engineering 2011 november 2008 with 1,790 reads.
Jan 22, 2017 elastic modulus is a fundamental parameter in designing concrete structures. That is, it measures the stiffness of the concrete. Modulus of elasticity for masonry civil engineering. Later, the studies were extended to obtain the strength and elastic properties of acb masonry. For normalweight concrete, the relationship used in the united states for designing concrete structures is defined by the aci building code as 7. Properties of hardened concrete strength, sjrinkage. Jan, 2008 for cmu, the modulus in compression is generally taken as 900 fm. Dynamic tests for estimating dynamic elastic modulus. Approximate values for the modulus of elasticity e cm secant value between. The ability to produce high modulus concrete is only as good as the laboratory that ends up testing it. Studied concrete mixtures present commonly used concrete of all established. Estimation of the modulus of elasticity for dam concrete. The accurate value of modulus of elasticity of concrete can be determined by conducting a laboratory test called compression test on a cylindrical concrete specimen.
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